Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Hyun Soo Kim

9 Articles

CpG Island Methylation According to the Histologic Patterns of Early Gastric Adenocarcinoma.: Junjeong Choi, Mee Yon Cho, So Young Jung, Khalilullah Mia Jan, Hyun Soo Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(5):469-476.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.5.469

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BACKGROUND
Although the importance of aberrant DNA methylation in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma has been described, the mechanism of pathogenesis has not been revealed yet. We quantitatively analyzed methylation of four CpG islands and one repetitive DNA element, according to the histologic features of adenocarcinoma with precursor lesions.
METHODS
We divided the cases as adenocarcinoma with intestinal type precursors (type A, n=19 cases) and adenocarcinoma with diffuse type precursors (type B, n=19 cases). We micro-dissected tumor cells and matched non-neoplastic gastric mucosa from the hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.
RESULTS
A total of 20 CpG sites of long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE1), RAR-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA), Kruppel-like factor 7 (KLF7), mutL homolog 1 (MLH1), MINT25, and CD133 were analyzed. Methylation was determined by bisulfate-pyro-sequencing, and hypomethylation of LINE1 and CD133 was noted in the tumors, compared to the levels in the non-neoplastic gastric mucosa (p=0.014 and p=0.015, respectively). A statistically different methylation pattern of CpG sites at CD133 and KLF7 was noted only in type B lesions, compared to that in matched non-neoplastic gastric mucosa (p=0.027 and p=0.043, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Given that aberrant methylation occurs in a relatively early phase of carcinogenesis, different patterns of methylation may determine the carcinoma phenotype. However, further large-scale study is required to clarify the significance of this difference.

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Molecular function of Krüppel-like factor 7 in biology
Yi Mao, Yuechan Chen, Zhiwei Zhang
Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica.2023; 55(5): 713. CrossRef
DNA methylation status of a distinctively different subset of genes is associated with each histologic Lauren classification subtype in early gastric carcinogenesis
YOSEP CHONG, KHALILULLAH MIA-JAN, HOON RYU, JAMSHID ABDUL-GHAFAR, JIJGEE MUNKHDELGER, SAYAMAA LKHAGVADORJ, SO YOUNG JUNG, MIRA LEE, SUN-YOUNG JI, EUNHEE CHOI, MEE-YON CHO
Oncology Reports.2014; 31(6): 2535. CrossRef

Angiomyomatous Hamartoma of Popliteal Lymph Nodes Occurring in Association with Diffuse Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of Knee.: Hyun Soo Kim, Ki Yong Na, Jae Hoon Lee, Nam Su Cho, Gou Young Kim, Sung Jig Lim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S58-S61.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S58

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Abstract PDF: We report the first case of an angiomyomatous hamartoma (AH) of the popliteal lymph nodes (LNs) occurring in association with diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the knee. AH is a rare benign vascular disease with a predisposition for the LNs of the inguinal region. Twenty-five cases of AH have been reported to date; however, the precise pathogenesis is still undetermined. In the present case, an open synovectomy revealed two of three popliteal LNs in close proximity to the extra-articular component of diffuse PVNS. These LNs demonstrated irregularly distributed thick-walled blood vessels in the hilum. These vessels extended into the medulla and cortex and were associated with haphazardly arranged smooth muscle cells in the sclerotic stroma. These findings are compatible with an AH. Our observations raise the possibility that AH of the popliteal LNs may represent an abnormal proliferative reaction against the inflammatory process caused by PVNS of the knee.

Ectopic Epididymis in Testicular Appendices: Report of Two Cases.: Hyun Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Hyung Lae Lee, Youn Wha Kim, Sung Jig Lim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S11-S14.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S11

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Abstract PDF: We report two cases of ectopic epididymal ducts and efferent ductules in the testicular appendices (TAs) of adult men with normally descended testes. In both cases, a sessile TA was incidentally found at the upper pole of the right testis during the scrotal hydrocelectomy. Microscopically, a few closely arranged tubules were detected within the TA. In the first case, the tubules were lined with a pseudostratified columnar epithelium with numerous, long microvilli, and were surrounded by a smooth muscle coat. In contrast, in the second case, the tubules had a wavy luminal surface, because ciliated columnar cells alternated with groups of cuboidal cells. In both cases, strong CD10 immunoreactivity was observed in the luminal border of the lining epithelium. Surgical pathologists should be aware of the presence of both ectopic epididymal ducts and efferent ductules that can occur in TAs, in order to avoid misinterpretation as transected, functional reproductive structures.

Differences in Expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and Microvessel Density in Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis.: Eun Hui Jeong, Young Kim, Byeong Woo Min, Kyung Hwa Lee, Hyun Soo Kim, Jae Hyuk Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(6):571-580.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.6.571

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms and is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Metastasis to the liver is a frequent event in patients with CRC. An essential step in the metastatic cascade is angiogenesis.
METHODS
This study included 45 patients who underwent a partial colectomy with hepatic resection for CRC with hepatic metastases. Immunohistochemistry was performed using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1, VEGFR-2, and CD34 antibodies to examine the relationship between CRC with liver metastases and angiogenesis.
RESULTS
CRC showed significantly stronger expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 than liver metastases (p < 0.05). Microvessel density was also higher in CRC than in liver metastases (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with previous studies, we found a higher expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and microvessel density in CRC than in liver metastases, which could be ascribed to a difference in vessel distribution and blood supply in each organ. Given its profuse blood supply and distinct cell populations, the liver might provide a rich milieu for tumor cell growth with less expression of angiogenesis-inducing agents.

Expression of Raf-1 Kinase Inhibitory Protein in Extrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma.: Hyun Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Sung Jig Lim, Youn Wha Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(3):234-242.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.3.234

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Raf-1 kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) recently has been identified as a metastasis suppressor in a variety of human carcinomas. The prognostic significance of RKIP expression in extrahepatic bile duct (EBD) carcinoma has not been studied. The aims of the current study were to evaluate RKIP expression and to determine the prognostic significance of RKIP expression in EBD carcinoma.
METHODS
Immunohistochemical staining for RKIP was performed for 131 cases of EBD carcinoma. The associations of RKIP expression with clinicopathologic parameters and patient outcomes were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictive parameters for lymphovascular invasion and nodal and distant metastases.
RESULTS
Loss of RKIP expression was observed in 55.0% (72/131) of cases. EBD carcinoma had significantly lower RKIP immunoreactivity than normal EBD (p < 0.001). Loss of RKIP expression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion (p = 0.030) and nodal metastasis (p = 0.036), but it was not found to be a significant prognostic predictor for overall, disease-free or distant metastasis-free survival. In addition, loss of RKIP expression was an independent predictor for lymphatic invasion (p = 0.027).
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that RKIP may play a role in the suppression of lymphatic invasion and nodal metastasis in EBD carcinoma.

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Down-regulation of osteoprotegerin expression as a novel biomarker for colorectal carcinoma
Hyun-Soo Kim, Gun Yoon, Sung-Im Do, Sung-Joo Kim, Youn-Wha Kim
Oncotarget.2016; 7(12): 15187. CrossRef
Expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase at the invasive front of hepatic colorectal metastasis
HYUN-SOO KIM, SUNG-IM DO, BYEONG-JOO NOH, YOUNG IN JEONG, SUN JIN PARK, YOUN WHA KIM
Oncology Letters.2015; 9(3): 1261. CrossRef
Reduced expression of Raf-1 kinase inhibitory protein predicts regional lymph node metastasis and shorter survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Hyun-Soo Kim, Kyu Yeoun Won, Gou Young Kim, Soo Cheol Kim, Yong-Koo Park, Youn Wha Kim
Pathology - Research and Practice.2012; 208(5): 292. CrossRef
Expression of Raf-1 kinase inhibitory protein in carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater
Hyun-Soo Kim, Sun Ho Lee, Kyu Yeoun Won, Gou Young Kim, Yong-Koo Park, Youn Wha Kim
Virchows Archiv.2012; 460(1): 61. CrossRef
Raf-1 Kinase Inhibitory Protein Expression in Thyroid Carcinomas
Hyun-Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Sung-Jig Lim, Youn Wha Kim
Endocrine Pathology.2010; 21(4): 253. CrossRef
Loss of Raf-1 kinase inhibitory protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Hyun-Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Sung-Jig Lim, Youn Wha Kim
Pathology.2010; 42(7): 655. CrossRef

Aberrant Promoter Methylation of the Vimentin Gene in Colorectal Cancer Associated with the Adenoma-Carcinoma Sequence.: Mi Hee Cho, Yu Mi Lee, Jin Sook Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Kyung Hwa Lee, Sang Woo Juhng, Jae Hyuk Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(2):179-186.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.2.179

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
DNA hypermethylation is a common epigenetic finding in human cancers and is closely associated with transcriptional silencing. In the present study, we investigated the proportion of colorectal neoplasms that showed the adenoma-carcinoma progression and vimentin gene methylation.
METHODS
Methylation status of the vimentin gene was examined in nontumoral mucosa, adenomas, and adenocarcinomas from 45 colorectal cancer patients who had adenoma and adenocarcinoma together. Methylation status was determined by bisulfite modification and the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The expression of the vimentin gene product was also examined by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS
Promoter methylation of vimentin was detected in 80% (36 out of 45 cases) of adenocarcinomas, 82.2% (37 of 45) of adenomas, and 28.9% (13 of 45) of normal epithelia, and the difference between neoplastic and normal specimens was statistically significant (p < 0.001). However, no significant correlations were observed between methylation frequency and clinicopathologic variables. Immunohistochemically, vimentin expression was not observed in either normal epithelial cells or tumor cells. Protein expression and vimentin promoter methylation were not associated.
CONCLUSIONS
The frequency of aberrant methylation of the vimentin gene was high in colonic adenomas and adenocarcinomas. This result suggests that the methylation status of vimentin may be clinically beneficial in screening for colorectal cancer patients and may be helpful in clarifying colorectal cancer biology.

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Epigenetic Modifications as Biomarkers of Tumor Development, Therapy Response, and Recurrence across the Cancer Care Continuum
Margaret Thomas, Paola Marcato
Cancers.2018; 10(4): 101. CrossRef
Aberrant promoter methylation of beta‐1,4 galactosyltransferase 1 as potential cancer‐specific biomarker of colorectal tumors
Maria Luana Poeta, Emanuela Massi, Paola Parrella, Pasquale Pellegrini, Mariangela De Robertis, Massimiliano Copetti, Carla Rabitti, Giuseppe Perrone, Andrea Onetti Muda, Francesca Molinari, Elena Zanellato, Stefano Crippa, Damiano Caputo, Marco Caricato,
Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer.2012; 51(12): 1133. CrossRef

Smooth Muscle Hyperplasia of the Epididymis: Report of A Case and Review of the Literature.: Hyun Soo Kim, Ji Youn Sung, Gou Young Kim, Sung Jig Lim, Hyun Cheol Kim, Hyung Lae Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2009;43(2):177-181.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2009.43.2.177

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Abstract PDF

A 66-year-old man underwent surgery to remove an incidentally discovered non-tender intrascrotal mass. Ultrasonography revealed an irregular-margined, heterogeneous mass-like lesion in the epididymal tail. The mass was relatively well circumscribed but unencapsulated, irregular and firm; it consisted of expansile, increased smooth muscle fascicles originating from the epididymal muscular coat. Its cellular growth pattern lacked the cohesive, well-circumscribed proliferation pattern typical of a leiomyoma. A diagnosis of smooth muscle hyperplasia of the epididymis was made. Although ultrasonography is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating suspected intrascrotal masses, there are times when it cannot reliably identify the character of the masses and distinguish malignant from benign lesions. Ill-defined, solid extratesticular masses, that are ultrasonographically ambiguous, should be excised and confirmed histopathologically and smooth muscle hyperplasia of the epididymis should be included in the differential diagnosis of solid extratesticular masses.

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Smooth muscle hyperplasia of the testicular adnexa: a clinicopathologic study of 12 cases
Fatimah Alruwaii, David J. Grignon, Muhammad T. Idrees
Human Pathology.2020; 99: 27. CrossRef
Hiperplasia muscular paratesticular (epididimaria) pseudotumoral. Descripción de 2 casos
Inmaculada Ruiz Molina, Vicente Cívico Amat, Beatriz Santiago Agredano
Medicina Clínica.2019; 152(5): e25. CrossRef
Pseudotumoral paratesticular (epididymal) muscle hyperplasia. Two case reports
InmaculadaRuiz Ruiz Molina, Vicente Cívico Amat, Beatriz Santiago Agredano
Medicina Clínica (English Edition).2019; 152(5): e25. CrossRef
Smooth muscle hyperplasia of the epididymis
O Blach, AM Pollock, D Douglas
Journal of Surgical Case Reports.2011; 2011(10): 10. CrossRef

Hybrid Cyst Coexisting with Glomus Coccygeum.: Hyun Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Sung Jig Lim, Youn Wha Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2008;42(5):323-326.

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Abstract PDF: A 36-year-old female patient with a mass in the coccygeal region underwent surgical removal of the mass, and this revealed a hybrid cyst in coexistence with a glomus coccygeum. This unusual cutaneous cyst had an epithelial lining composed of keratinizing, stratified squamous epithelium with an intact granular layer immediately adjacent to apocrine cells, and the apocrine cells showed the characteristic features of "decapitation secretion". The glomus coccygeum, which is a minor finding in specimens from the sacral area and it may represent a diagnostic challenge to the unaware observer, was incidentally identified in the dermis. The glomus coccygeum was located beneath the epithelial transition area of the hybrid cyst. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the cytoplasm of the epithelioid glomus cells was positive for smooth muscle actin, and these epithelioid glomus cells were arranged in concentric layers around blood vessels, and the cellular stroma surrounding the glomus bodies were positive for S-100 protein.

Bilateral Bartholin's Gland Hyperplasia Associated with Bartholin's Gland Cyst: A Brief Case Report.: Hyun Soo Kim, Gou Young Kim, Sung Jig Lim, Eun Hee You, Youn Wha Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2008;42(5):314-316.

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Abstract PDF: A 40-year-old woman underwent surgery to remove tender bilateral vulvar masses. The masses were gray/brown, well circumscribed, non-encapsulated, and were composed of an increased number of ducts and acini with a normal lobular architecture and a duct-acinar relationship. This appearance was consistent with Bartholin's gland hyperplasia (BGH). Bilateral Bartholin's gland cysts were also associated with BGH. Benign tumors and tumor-like conditions of Bartholin's gland are uncommon, and only a few cases of BGH have been reported in the literature. Hyperplasia is a rare etiology for an enlarged Bartholin's gland, and must be distinguished histologically from adenoma.

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